Why is deep breathing encouraged postoperatively?

Deep breathing is encouraged postoperatively mainly to enhance lung expansion and prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. After surgery, especially when a general anesthetic has been used, patients may have reduced respiratory function due to pain, the effects of anesthesia, and decreased activity levels. Encouraging deep breathing helps to fully expand the lungs, allowing adequate ventilation of all areas and promoting effective clearing of secretions. This practice helps in preventing the collapse of alveoli, which could lead to atelectasis, and it significantly reduces the risk of developing postoperative pulmonary complications.

Additionally, deep breathing helps maintain optimal oxygenation levels and promotes better blood circulation, which is critical for healing. While some other options may involve aspects of postoperative care, they do not address the primary reason deep breathing is emphasized in the postoperative setting as effectively as promoting lung expansion and preventing complications does.